2024年09月02日:悬在太阳上方的三角形日珥-（A Triangular Prominence Hovers Over the Sun） 2024年09月02日:悬在太阳上方的三角形日珥-（A Triangular Prominence Hovers Over the Sun）--原图下载{mtitle title="悬在太阳上方的三角形日珥"/}Image Credit & Copyright: Andrea Vanoni说明: 为何有个三角形悬在太阳的上方？虽然它的形状不寻常，但这种结构却颇为常见，因为它就是不断演化的日珥。太阳表面的环状磁场会导引高能粒子的流动，有时也会拘束发光气体，并让它悬浮在空中达数个月之久。日珥之所以很明亮，则是因为它的内部有极为炽热、密度高到不透光的太阳电浆/等离子体。这个出现在上星期的吸睛三角日珥，其实比地球大。这个从形成到爆发大约只有1天就消失的日珥，除了由几位太阳摄影者为它留下影像之外，也由美国航太总署的太阳动态观测卫星加以记录。这幅主题影像摄于明亮的氢 红光波段。在日珥的下方，可见到形似绒毛地毯的太阳色球层，而背景天空则极为昏暗，看不到任何星星。最后，今年的太阳表面格外的活跃。{lamp/}原文：{mtitle title="A Triangular Prominence Hovers Over the Sun"/}Image Credit & Copyright: Andrea VanoniExplanation: Why is there a triangle hovering over the Sun? Although the shape is unusual, the type of structure is not: it is part of an evolving solar prominence. Looping magnetic fields on the Sun channel the flow of energetic particles, sometimes holding glowing gaseous structures aloft for months. A prominence glows brightly because it contains particularly hot, dense, or opaque solar plasma.The surprising triangular structure occurred last week.Larger than our Earth, the iconic prominence was imaged by several solar photographers and documented by NASA's Solar Dynamic Observatory to form and violently dissipate in about a day.The featured image was captured in a color of red light emitted strongly by hydrogen. Below, solar fibrils carpet the Sun's chromosphere, while the background sky is so faint in comparison that no stars are visible. Our Sun's surface has been quite active this year.

2024年08月18日:太阳动态观测卫星拍到的日珥爆发-（A Solar Prominence Eruption from SDO） 2024年08月18日:太阳动态观测卫星拍到的日珥爆发-（A Solar Prominence Eruption from SDO）--原图下载2024 August 18 {mtitle title="太阳动态观测卫星拍到的日珥爆发"/}Image Credit: NASA/Goddard/SDO AIA Team说明: 日珥爆发是太阳最壮观的景观之一。在2011年，美国航太总署的太阳动态观测卫星（SDO），拍下了一例令人印象深刻、发生于表面的庞大日珥爆发。于紫外光波段所记录的这例壮观爆发事件，成为了上面这部涵盖90分钟期间的缩时主题影片，其中每张定格拍摄的间隔为24秒。日珥是受到太阳磁场引导，有时会悬在太阳上空的一种结构。日珥极为庞大，在由流动炽热气体构成的帘状结构之下，可轻易地塞进整颗地球。此外，宁静的日珥通常可存续约一个月，最后可能会发生日冕物质抛射，将大量的炽热气体喷入太阳系。不过，日珥形成的能量机制目前仍然是研究的课题。太阳目前处在活动极大期附近，是以非常活跃，经常发生日珥爆发及日冕物质抛射，例如太阳刚在上星期发生一次爆发，并在地球诱发美丽的极光。{lamp/}原文：{mtitle title="A Solar Prominence Eruption from SDO"/}Image Credit: NASA/Goddard/SDO AIA TeamExplanation: One of the most spectacular solar sights is an erupting prominence.In 2011, NASA's Sun-orbitingSolar Dynamic Observatory spacecraft imaged animpressively large prominenceerupting from the surface.The dramatic explosion was captured in ultraviolet light in thefeatured time lapse video covering 90 minutes, where a new frame was taken every 24 seconds. The scale of the prominence is huge -- the entire Earth would easily fit under the flowing curtain of hot gas. A solar prominence is channeled and sometimes held above theSun's surface by the Sun'smagnetic field.A quiescent prominence typically lasts about a month and may erupt in aCoronal Mass Ejection (CME)expelling hot gas into theSolar System. The energy mechanism that creates asolar prominence is a continuing topic ofresearch. Our Sun is again near solar maximum and so very active, featuring numerous erupting prominences and CMEs, one of which resulted in picturesque auroras just over the past week.

2024年01月14日:冰岛上空的龙形极光-（Dragon Aurora over Iceland） 2024年01月14日:冰岛上空的龙形极光-（Dragon Aurora over Iceland）--原图下载{mtitle title="冰岛上空的龙形极光"/}Image Credit & Copyright: Jingyi Zhang & Wang Zheng说明: 你在天空看过龙吗？虽然龙是虚构的生物，但是在2019年，冰岛上空却真的出现一大片龙形的极光。 这例极光的源头，是源自日冕 洞的太阳风带电粒子，顺着变化不定的行星际磁场泛流到地球的磁层。 而部分的带电粒子冲撞地球大气，激发了高层大气的原子，后来它们发出可见光辐射形成极光。 这团奇形的极光是如此的迷人，就连摄影者的母亲都跑出来观赏，并成为影像部分的前景。 随着太阳往2025年的活动极大期迈进，其表面不断出现异常大量的日珥、暗条、太阳黑子、和大型活跃区。{lamp/}原文：{mtitle title="Dragon Aurora over Iceland"/}Image Credit & Copyright: Jingyi Zhang & Wang ZhengExplanation: Have you ever seen a dragon in the sky?Although real flying dragons don't exist, a huge dragon-shaped aurora developed in the sky over Iceland in 2019. The aurora was caused by a hole in the Sun's corona that expelled charged particles into a solar wind that followed a changing interplanetary magnetic field to Earth's magnetosphere. As some of those particles then struck Earth's atmosphere, they excited atoms which subsequently emitted light: aurora.This iconic display was so enthralling that the photographer's mother ran out to see it and was captured in the foreground. Our active Sun continues to show an unusually high number of prominences, filaments, sunspots, and large active regions as solar maximum approaches in 2025.

2023年08月01日:怪兽般的日珥-（Monster Solar Prominence） 2023年08月01日:怪兽般的日珥-（Monster Solar Prominence）--原图下载{mtitle title="怪兽般的日珥"/}Image Credit & Copyright: Mike Wenz说明: 这种在太阳出没的怪兽，与我们无相似之处。它们比地球大，并且是由比任何茶壶内的气体都要炽热的物质所组成。它们没有眼睛，但有时却拥有许多触手。此外，它们会漂浮，慢慢改变形状，并在大约一个月之后变暗掉回太阳。然而，有时它们会突然爆发，同时把可以攻击地球的高能粒子喷入太阳系。这幅影像所呈现的，是大约两星期前在氢发光波段拍摄的庞大日珥。这例怪兽般、由太阳表面附近无所不在但变化不定的磁场所举升的羽状太阳气体，是由美国．亚利桑那州．吉尔伯特市的一架小望远镜所记录。随着2025年的活动极大期即将降临，我们活跃的太阳不断出现异常多的日珥、暗条、太阳黑子和大型活跃区。{lamp/}原文：{mtitle title="Monster Solar Prominence"/}Image Credit & Copyright: Mike WenzExplanation: The monsters that live on the Sun are not like us.They are larger than the Earth and made of gas hotter than in any teapot.They have no eyes, but at times, many tentacles.They float. Usually, they slowly change shape and just fade back onto the Sun over about a month.Sometimes, though, they suddenly explode and unleash energetic particles into the Solar System that can attack the Earth. Pictured is a huge solar prominence imaged almost two weeks ago in the light of hydrogen.Captured by a small telescope in Gilbert, Arizona, USA, the monsteresque plume of gas was held aloft by the ever-present but ever-changing magnetic field near the surface of the Sun.Our active Sun continues to show an unusually high number of prominences, filaments, sunspots, and large active regions as solar maximum approaches in 2025.

2023年02月22日:日愈活跃的太阳-（Our Increasingly Active Sun） 2023年02月22日:日愈活跃的太阳-（Our Increasingly Active Sun）--原图下载{mtitle title="日愈活跃的太阳"/}Image Credit & Copyright: Mehmet Ergün说明: 我们的太阳愈来愈忙碌。在二年前，太阳才刚从可连续数个月皆无 太阳黑子的极宁静活动极小期出来。相较之下，今年的太阳已然异常活跃，其活跃性远超出此阶段应有的程度，已接近10年前上一个太阳活动极大期的活动位准。这张在2星期前取得的影像，记录了日愈活跃太阳的诸多有趣特徵。这幅影像摄于名为氢α的单色波段，然后经过明暗反转并以假色呈现。其中，针状体覆盖了大部分的太阳表面。太阳的边缘之所以较明亮，则是因为吸光的低温太阳气体越来越厚所致，此现象称为临边昏暗。而紧贴在日盘的外头，有数个突起的闪烁日珥；当日珥出现在太阳盘面上时称为暗条，在此图里以亮条显示。磁场纠缠所在的活跃区，既有暗区也有亮区，其内有低温的太阳黑子。随着未来几年太阳往活动极大期靠近，太阳磁场缠绕的程度会持续增加，不过太阳是否会变得更活跃则仍然不明。{lamp/}原文：{mtitle title="Our Increasingly Active Sun"/}Image Credit & Copyright: Mehmet ErgünExplanation: Our Sun is becoming a busy place. Only two years ago, the Sun was emerging from a solar minimum so quiet that months would go by without even a single sunspot. In contrast, already this year and well ahead of schedule, our Sun is unusually active, already nearing solar activity levels seen a decade ago during the last solar maximum. Our increasingly active Sun was captured two weeks ago sporting numerous interesting features.The image was recorded in a single color of light called Hydrogen Alpha, color-inverted, and false colored. Spicules carpet much of the Sun's face. The brightening towards the Sun's edges is caused by increased absorption of relatively cool solar gas and called limb darkening. Just outside the Sun's disk, several scintillating prominences protrude, while prominences on the Sun's face are known as filaments and show as light streaks. Magnetically tangled active regions are both dark and light and contain cool sunspots. As our Sun's magnetic field winds toward solar maximum over the next few years, whether the Sun's high activity will continue to increase is unknown.

2022年09月13日:太阳表面的长蛇状暗条-（A Long Snaking Filament on the Sun） 2022年09月13日:太阳表面的长蛇状暗条-（A Long Snaking Filament on the Sun）--原图下载{mtitle title="太阳表面的长蛇状暗条"/}Image Credit & Copyright: Alan Friedman(Averted Imagination)说明: 在这个月初，太阳出现了有记录以来最长的暗条（filament）之一。如上面这幅影像所示，影像中心周围有一道弯曲的亮纹，而这道宛如长蛇的暗条，绵延了将近350,000公里，约莫是太阳半径之半。暗条是被太阳磁场抬昇腾空的炽热气体，因此从侧面观看，它是突起于太阳表面的日珥 。在这幅影像里，太阳的临边还可见到另一个较小的日珥。这幅明暗反转的假色主题影像，不仅突显了暗条，也呈现了太阳宛如地毯的色球层。影像右上角的亮斑，其实上是一个大小与地球相近的太阳黑子。太阳暗条通常可存在数小时到数天，最终会坍塌把炽热的电浆释回太阳。不过，有时它们会发生爆发并把粒子射入太阳系里，其中有些甚至会触发地球上的极光。这幅影像里的暗条出现在9月初，并稳定悬浮了约一星期之久。{lamp/}原文：{mtitle title="A Long Snaking Filament on the Sun"/}Image Credit & Copyright: Alan Friedman(Averted Imagination)Explanation: Earlier this month, the Sun exhibited one of the longer filaments on record. Visible as the bright curving streak around the image center, the snaking filament's full extent was estimated to be overhalf of the Sun's radius -- more than 350,000 kilometers long.A filament is composed of hot gas held aloft by the Sun's magnetic field, so that viewed from the side it would appear as a raised prominence. A different, smaller prominence is simultaneously visible at the Sun's edge.The featured image is in false-color and color-inverted to highlight not only the filament but the Sun's carpet chromosphere. The bright dot on the upper right is actually a dark sunspot about the size of the Earth. Solarfilaments typically last from hours to days, eventually collapsing to return hot plasma back to the Sun.Sometimes, though, they explode and expel particles into the Solar System, some of which trigger auroras on Earth.The pictured filament appeared in early September and continued to hold steady for about a week.