2024年01月23日:深空星云影像：从海鸥到加州-（Deep Nebulas: From Seagull to California） [2024年01月23日:深空星云影像：从海鸥到加州-（Deep Nebulas: From Seagull to California）--原图下载](https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/image/2401/SeagullToCalifornia_Symon_2000.jpg"onMouseOver="if (document.images)document.imagename1.src='image/2401/SeagullToCalifornia_Symon_960_Annotated.jpg';"onMouseOut="if (document.images)document.imagename1.src='image/2401/SeagullToCalifornia_Symon_960.jpg';){mtitle title="深空星云影像：从海鸥到加州"/}Image Credit & Copyright: Alistair Symon说明: 你对夜空的了解有多少？好的，那么你能从极深空影像里认出着名的天体吗？不论如何，先来个测验，看看你能否从这幅满布昏暗星云的深空影像里，找出一些着名的标誌性夜空天体。这幅影像里，有昴宿星团、巴纳德环、马头星云、猎户大星云、蔷薇星云、锥状星云、参宿七、水母星云、猴头星云、火焰星星云、蝌蚪星云、毕宿五、Simeis 147（义大利麵星云）、海鸥星云、及加州星云。至于它们的真实位置，可参考这张稍带注释的影像。辨认出它们的工作之所以颇有难度，其原因与乍看非常幽暗的天空时，难以认出熟悉的星座雷同：因为我们的夜空织锦具有极深的隐藏複杂性。这幅摄于美国 亚利桑那州幽暗天空下、由总曝光时间超过800小时的28张照片组合而成的主题影像，就显现了部分的这种複杂性。{lamp/}原文：{mtitle title="Deep Nebulas: From Seagull to California"/}Image Credit & Copyright: Alistair SymonExplanation: How well do you know the night sky?OK, but how well can you identify famous sky objects in a very deep image?Either way, here is a test: see if you can find some well-known night-sky icons in a deep image filled with faint nebulosity. This image contains the Pleiades star cluster, Barnard's Loop, Horsehead Nebula, Orion Nebula, Rosette Nebula, Cone Nebula, Rigel, Jellyfish Nebula, Monkey Head Nebula, Flaming Star Nebula, Tadpole Nebula, Aldebaran, Simeis 147, Seagull Nebula and the California Nebula.To find their real locations, here is an annotated image version. The reason this task might be difficult is similar to the reason it is initially hard to identify familiar constellations in a very dark sky: the tapestry of our night sky has an extremely deep hidden complexity. The featured composite reveals some of this complexity in a mosaic of 28 images taken over 800 hours from dark skies over Arizona, USA.

2023年10月10日:韦伯影像：藏在猎户大星云里的天体-（Hidden Orion from Webb） [2023年10月10日:韦伯影像：藏在猎户大星云里的天体-（Hidden Orion from Webb）--原图下载](https://apod.nasa.gov/apod/image/2310/OrionNircShort_Webb_2048.jpg"onMouseOver="if (document.images)document.imagename1.src='image/2310/OrionNircLong_Webb_960.jpg';"onMouseOut="if (document.images)document.imagename1.src='image/2310/OrionNircShort_Webb_960.jpg';){mtitle title="韦伯影像：藏在猎户大星云里的天体"/}Image Credit & License: NASA, ESA, CSA, JWST; Processing: M. McCaughrean & S. Pearson说明: 猎户大星云内有隐不可见的恒星。在只能感侧可见光的肉眼里，它看起来像是猎户座内的弥漫小光斑。不过，这幅来自韦伯太空望远镜的代表色影像，是由摄于红光和近红外光的数据组合而成。因此它无比清晰的证实，猎户大星云是个由年轻恒星、炽热气体和黝黑尘埃织就的忙碌区域。而轮替影像所呈现的，则是同一区域在更长波长的近红外光之代表色影像。驱动猎户大星云（M42）的主要能量源，是位在星云中心的那群亮星所属的四边形星团。而这些亮星周围的弥漫丝缕状晕光，主成分是受热的星际尘埃。在仔细检枧这些影像之后，出乎意外的找到大量木星质量级的双天体系统（JuMBOs），而这些成对的双木系统，或许能为了解恒星到底是如何形成的提供线索。此外，包括马头星云在内的整个猎户大星云複合体，于未来的数百万年里会缓缓的消散匿蹤。{lamp/}原文：{mtitle title="Hidden Orion from Webb"/}Image Credit & License: NASA, ESA, CSA, JWST; Processing: M. McCaughrean & S. PearsonExplanation: The Great Nebula in Orion has hidden stars. To the unaided eye in visible light, it appears as a smallfuzzy patch in the constellation of Orion.But this image was taken by the Webb Space Telescope in a representative-color composite of red and very near infrared light. It confirms with impressive detail that the Orion Nebula is a busy neighborhood of young stars, hot gas, and dark dust. The rollover image shows the same image in representative colors further into the near infrared.The power behind much of the Orion Nebula (M42) is the Trapezium - a cluster of bright stars near the nebula's center. The diffuse and filamentary glow surrounding the bright stars is mostly heated interstellar dust. Detailed inspection of these images shows an unexpectedly large number of Jupiter-Mass Binary Objects (JuMBOs), pairs of Jupiter-mass objects which might give a clue to how stars are forming. The whole Orion Nebula cloud complex, which includes the Horsehead Nebula, will slowly disperse over the next few million years.

2023年09月26日:IC 4592：蓝马头反射星云-（IC 4592: The Blue Horsehead Reflection Nebula） 2023年09月26日:IC 4592：蓝马头反射星云-（IC 4592: The Blue Horsehead Reflection Nebula）--原图下载{mtitle title="IC 4592：蓝马头反射星云"/}Image Credit & Copyright: Antoine & Dalia Grelin说明: 你看到马头了吗？你见到的不是猎户座着名的马头星云，而是另一个只有在较深空影像里，形似马头的外观才会显现的昏暗星云。这张影像所呈现的分子云複合体的主体，是编录号为IC 4592的反射星云。反射星云是由微小的尘埃所组成，正常情况下看起来很黝黑，不过如果它反射附近炽热恒星的可见光，色泽却可能变得很蓝。在上面这个案例里，大部分受到反射的星光，是源自位于马 眼的恒星。 这颗恒星是尾宿九（Nu Scorpii）的成员星之一，而尾宿九则是天蝎座数个明亮多合星系统之一。在影像的中右方，可以看见环拱着2颗恒星、名为IC 4601的第二个反射星云。{lamp/}原文：{mtitle title="IC 4592: The Blue Horsehead Reflection Nebula"/}Image Credit & Copyright: Antoine & Dalia GrelinExplanation: Do you see the horse's head? What you are seeing is not the famous Horsehead nebula toward Orion, but rather a fainter nebula that only takes on a familiar form with deeper imaging. The main part of the here-imaged molecular cloud complex is reflection nebula IC 4592. Reflection nebulas are made up of very fine dust that normally appears dark but can look quite blue when reflecting the visible light of energetic nearby stars. In this case, the source of much of the reflected light is a star at the eye of the horse. That star is part of Nu Scorpii, one of the brighter star systems toward the constellation of the Scorpion (Scorpius). A second reflection nebula dubbed IC 4601 is visible surrounding two stars above and to the right of the image center.

2022年12月29日:马头与火焰星云-（Horsehead and Flame） 2022年12月29日:马头与火焰星云-（Horsehead and Flame）--原图下载{mtitle title="马头与火焰星云"/}Image Credit &Copyright:Jason Close说明: 在这幅清晰星空影像里，明亮背景发射星云上的黝黑暗斑，是亦名为巴纳德33的着名马头星云。位于猎户座方向约1,500光年远处的马头星云，高度在5光年左右。在此区富饶分子云複合体内的这大片不透光尘埃，从银河系我们所在的位置看出去，恰好拥有我们很熟悉的形状。影像中左方的亮星，则是猎户腰带最东侧的参宿一。来自参宿一的高能紫外光，更激发其下方满是尘埃的NGC 2024（火焰星云）发出明亮的辉光。完善这个色泽对比範例的天体，还有马头星云下方的泛蓝反射星云NGC 2023。这片取景佳妙的望远镜视野，大约涵盖了3个满月宽度的天区。{lamp/}原文：{mtitle title="Horsehead and Flame"/}Image Credit &Copyright:Jason CloseExplanation: The Horsehead Nebula,famous celestialdark marking also known as Barnard 33,is notched against a background glow of emission nebulae inthis sharp cosmic skyscape.About five light-years "tall" the Horsehead lies some 1,500 light-years away in the constellation of Orion.Within the region's fertile molecular cloud complex,the expanse of obscuring dust has a recognizable shape onlyby chance fromour perspectivein theMilky Waythough.Orion's easternmost belt star, bright Alnitak,is to the left of center. Energetic ultraviolet light fromAlnitak powers the glow ofdusty NGC 2024, the Flame Nebula, just below it.Completing a study in cosmic contrasts, bluish reflectionnebula NGC 2023 is below the Horsehead itself.This well-framed telescopic field spans about 3 full moons onthe sky.

2022年09月21日:哈伯：红外波段的马头星云-（The Horsehead Nebula in Infrared from Hubble） 2022年09月21日:哈伯：红外波段的马头星云-（The Horsehead Nebula in Infrared from Hubble）--原图下载{mtitle title="哈伯：红外波段的马头星云"/}Image Credit: NASA, ESA, Hubble;Processing: Alexandra Nachman说明: 漂泊于宇宙中的一大团星际尘埃云，在恒星风与辐射的雕塑下恰巧带着我们熟悉的外观。命名很贴切的马头星云，镶嵌在庞大且複杂的猎户座星云(M42)之内。对使用小望远镜的人来说，马头星云是值得一看但颇有观测难度的天体，而这幅壮丽且细緻的红外光主题影像，则是由轨道上的哈伯太空望远镜在红外波段所拍摄 。这团离我们约1,500光年远、亦拥有巴纳德33编录号的暗分子云，之所以会现形，则是因为有邻近的大质量恒星参宿增一之星光作为背光。在接下来的数百万年之中，马头星云的外貌会慢慢改变，最终会在高能量星光的摧残下消失灭迹。{lamp/}原文：{mtitle title="The Horsehead Nebula in Infrared from Hubble"/}Image Credit: NASA, ESA, Hubble;Processing: Alexandra NachmanExplanation: While drifting through the cosmos, a magnificent interstellar dust cloud became sculpted by stellar winds and radiation to assume a recognizable shape. Fittingly named the Horsehead Nebula, it is embedded in the vast and complex Orion Nebula (M42). A potentially rewarding but difficult object to view personally with a small telescope, the featured gorgeously detailed image was taken in infrared light by the orbiting Hubble Space Telescope. The dark molecular cloud, roughly 1,500 light years distant, is cataloged as Barnard 33 and is seen above primarily because it is backlit by the nearby massive star Sigma Orionis.The Horsehead Nebula will slowly shift its apparent shape over the next few million years and will eventually be destroyed by high energy starlight.

2022年08月29日:移除恆星后的马头星云-（The Horsehead Nebula Region without Stars） 2022年08月29日:移除恆星后的马头星云-（The Horsehead Nebula Region without Stars）--原图下载{mtitle title="移除恆星后的马头星云"/}Image Credit & Copyright: George Chatzifrantzis说明: 猎户座着名的马头星云并不孤单。长曝光影像显示，可见诸影像中右侧的可见的熟悉暗斑，是不透光尘埃和明亮气体聚成的庞大複合体之一部分。这幅壮观的主题影像，细緻的呈现了亘古以来，恒星风和远古超新星所创造和雕朔出的丝状 云气和富含尘埃细丝所织就的複杂挂毯。火焰星云则是马头左侧的橙色天体。为了突显尘埃及气体，视野里大部分的恒星已用数位技术加以移除，其中的明显例外是 火焰星云上方的参宿一（Alnitak），它是猎户座着名腰带三星中最右边的那颗。 马头星云 位在猎户座方向约1,500光年远之处。{lamp/}原文：{mtitle title="The Horsehead Nebula Region without Stars"/}Image Credit & Copyright: George ChatzifrantzisExplanation: The famous Horsehead Nebula in Orion is not alone. A deep exposure shows that the dark familiar shaped indentation, visible just right of center, is part of a vast complex of absorbing dust and glowing gas.The featured spectacular picture details an intricate tapestry of gaseous wisps and dust-laden filaments that were created and sculpted over eons by stellar winds and ancient supernovas. The Flame Nebula is visible in orange just to the Horsehead's left.To highlight the dust and gas, most of the stars have been digitally removed, although a notable exception is Alnitak, just above the Flame Nebula, which is the rightmost star in Orion's famous belt of three aligned stars.The Horsehead Nebula lies 1,500 light years distant towards the constellation of Orion.